1 March 12, 2025
1. Aisha Ali A.T. Al-khulaifi, Smith Boonchutima, Ibtesam Mazahir
Empowering Women Entrepreneurs in Qatar: The Role of Social Media and Media Literacy in Marketing Communication
Media Education (Mediaobrazovanie). 2025. 21(1): 3-11.
Number of views: 34 Download in PDF
2. Olga BregaMedia Education (Mediaobrazovanie). 2025. 21(1): 3-11.
Abstract:
This research examines how female entrepreneurs in Qatar utilize social media as a tool within their marketing communication strategies, emphasizing their underlying motivations, the advantages they derive, and the obstacles they encounter. Media literacy is introduced as a critical factor influencing the effective use of social media for marketing communication. Drawing on insights from interviews with ten women managing businesses of varying sizes, the research applies theoretical perspectives such as Social Exchange Theory, Uses and Gratifications Theory, and the Resource-Based View to examine their engagement with social media. The findings highlight that media literacy empowers entrepreneurs to critically evaluate content, strategically connect with their audience, and navigate ethical and professional challenges. Despite these advantages, entrepreneurs face hurdles such as audience expansion, maintaining professionalism, and reputation management. This study contributes to the understanding of social media marketing, media literacy, and women’s entrepreneurship in Qatar, offering valuable implications for policymakers and business practitioners. Future research can explore the broader impacts of media literacy training programs on entrepreneurial success in other contexts.
This research examines how female entrepreneurs in Qatar utilize social media as a tool within their marketing communication strategies, emphasizing their underlying motivations, the advantages they derive, and the obstacles they encounter. Media literacy is introduced as a critical factor influencing the effective use of social media for marketing communication. Drawing on insights from interviews with ten women managing businesses of varying sizes, the research applies theoretical perspectives such as Social Exchange Theory, Uses and Gratifications Theory, and the Resource-Based View to examine their engagement with social media. The findings highlight that media literacy empowers entrepreneurs to critically evaluate content, strategically connect with their audience, and navigate ethical and professional challenges. Despite these advantages, entrepreneurs face hurdles such as audience expansion, maintaining professionalism, and reputation management. This study contributes to the understanding of social media marketing, media literacy, and women’s entrepreneurship in Qatar, offering valuable implications for policymakers and business practitioners. Future research can explore the broader impacts of media literacy training programs on entrepreneurial success in other contexts.
Number of views: 34 Download in PDF
Student-Generated Video Podcast in Foreign Language Education for Further Engineers
Media Education (Mediaobrazovanie). 2025. 21(1): 12-21.
Number of views: 19 Download in PDF
3. Irina ChelyshevaMedia Education (Mediaobrazovanie). 2025. 21(1): 12-21.
Abstract:
The study explores the prospects of using student-generated video podcast is a media tool to improve second language acquisition, especially for career oriented students. The study involved 40 second- and third-year students of non-linguistics majors at Togliatti State University with English language proficiency levels A2-B2. The students participated in a 6-month process of video podcast generation under the supervision of a teacher. The training phases were: basic instructions, video podcast theme selection, study of materials for the video and scripting, video recording and video editing, peere feedback and revision, final video podcast presentation and reflection. A questionnaire with open-ended and Likert scale questions were used to collect the data to investigate the students' perception of video podcast creation impact on their language skills development and their satisfaction. Finally, the results show students have a positive attitude towards the use of video podcasts in foreign language learning and that this method improves both media and digital and language skills (listening comprehension, speaking skills, vocabulary, and student confidence). Student-generated video podcast as a tool addresses contemporary professional issues by equipping learners with essential skills for the modern workplace and enhancing language proficiency. This research highlights the significant implication of video podcasting for more effective and modernized foreign language training.
The study explores the prospects of using student-generated video podcast is a media tool to improve second language acquisition, especially for career oriented students. The study involved 40 second- and third-year students of non-linguistics majors at Togliatti State University with English language proficiency levels A2-B2. The students participated in a 6-month process of video podcast generation under the supervision of a teacher. The training phases were: basic instructions, video podcast theme selection, study of materials for the video and scripting, video recording and video editing, peere feedback and revision, final video podcast presentation and reflection. A questionnaire with open-ended and Likert scale questions were used to collect the data to investigate the students' perception of video podcast creation impact on their language skills development and their satisfaction. Finally, the results show students have a positive attitude towards the use of video podcasts in foreign language learning and that this method improves both media and digital and language skills (listening comprehension, speaking skills, vocabulary, and student confidence). Student-generated video podcast as a tool addresses contemporary professional issues by equipping learners with essential skills for the modern workplace and enhancing language proficiency. This research highlights the significant implication of video podcasting for more effective and modernized foreign language training.
Number of views: 19 Download in PDF
Hermeneutic Analysis of Feature Films about Family and Family Education in the 1930–1950s
Media Education (Mediaobrazovanie). 2025. 21(1): 22-32.
Number of views: 29 Download in PDF
4. Piotr DrzewieckiMedia Education (Mediaobrazovanie). 2025. 21(1): 22-32.
Abstract:
The article presents a hermeneutic analysis of Soviet feature films on the theme of family and family education in the 1930s-1950s which allows the author to identify the qualitative evolution of family images on the Soviet screen of the period under consideration. The author presents a characteristic of the socio-cultural and ideological contexts, analyzes the content of Stalinist films, considers the main genre modifications, and examines the dominant stereotypical images of family and family education. The conducted analysis of films of different genres enabled us to state that at this stage, Soviet feature cinematography was solving the problems of strengthening the Soviet family and building an ideal image of family relations, where adults and children were included in social and industrial events. Moreover, the family images that the viewer saw on the Soviet screen in those years were very far from the real picture of the Soviet society and represented an idealized reality, where each person was happy, could achieve success, find a family both in the traditional sense of the word, and become a member of the large family of the USSR peoples. With the strengthening of ideological control and the establishment of a totalitarian regime in the country, in cinematography, and in the real life of Soviet people, the focus was on new values, which consisted in selfless devotion to the party, the people, labour feats and a ruthless attitude towards enemies. Family and family upbringing were no exception and were under the close attention of the state. Creating a family and raising children in accordance with those values was an important condition for well-being and prosperity in the society of that period.
The article presents a hermeneutic analysis of Soviet feature films on the theme of family and family education in the 1930s-1950s which allows the author to identify the qualitative evolution of family images on the Soviet screen of the period under consideration. The author presents a characteristic of the socio-cultural and ideological contexts, analyzes the content of Stalinist films, considers the main genre modifications, and examines the dominant stereotypical images of family and family education. The conducted analysis of films of different genres enabled us to state that at this stage, Soviet feature cinematography was solving the problems of strengthening the Soviet family and building an ideal image of family relations, where adults and children were included in social and industrial events. Moreover, the family images that the viewer saw on the Soviet screen in those years were very far from the real picture of the Soviet society and represented an idealized reality, where each person was happy, could achieve success, find a family both in the traditional sense of the word, and become a member of the large family of the USSR peoples. With the strengthening of ideological control and the establishment of a totalitarian regime in the country, in cinematography, and in the real life of Soviet people, the focus was on new values, which consisted in selfless devotion to the party, the people, labour feats and a ruthless attitude towards enemies. Family and family upbringing were no exception and were under the close attention of the state. Creating a family and raising children in accordance with those values was an important condition for well-being and prosperity in the society of that period.
Number of views: 29 Download in PDF
Myths of Journalism on the Covers of the Polish Trade Magazine “Press”
Media Education (Mediaobrazovanie). 2025. 21(1): 33-44.
Number of views: 24 Download in PDF
5. Elena FrolovaMedia Education (Mediaobrazovanie). 2025. 21(1): 33-44.
Abstract:
The article addresses the semiotic analysis of the covers of the Polish trade journal “Press”, focusing on the implicit ideological assumptions about contemporary journalism. The aim of the research is to identify contemporary journalistic myths and to understand what has been left out in the construction of the image of journalism on the covers. A commutative test technique and denotative and connotative analysis were used, allowing key stereotypes such as the myth of the warrior journalist and the lone observer to be captured. The results of the analysis indicate a dominance of male images and a limited representation of women, confirming patriarchal narratives in the media. This phenomenon may be related to the nature of the magazine, aimed at a journalistic community that seeks to affirm its own values. The article highlights the importance of understanding the processes of meaning construction in the context of the crisis of trust in the media and the technological challenges that affect the image of journalists. The findings contribute to a broader reflection on the role of journalism in society and its representation in the media. These can be used as part of contemporary journalism education in higher education, an example of which is given in the article.
The article addresses the semiotic analysis of the covers of the Polish trade journal “Press”, focusing on the implicit ideological assumptions about contemporary journalism. The aim of the research is to identify contemporary journalistic myths and to understand what has been left out in the construction of the image of journalism on the covers. A commutative test technique and denotative and connotative analysis were used, allowing key stereotypes such as the myth of the warrior journalist and the lone observer to be captured. The results of the analysis indicate a dominance of male images and a limited representation of women, confirming patriarchal narratives in the media. This phenomenon may be related to the nature of the magazine, aimed at a journalistic community that seeks to affirm its own values. The article highlights the importance of understanding the processes of meaning construction in the context of the crisis of trust in the media and the technological challenges that affect the image of journalists. The findings contribute to a broader reflection on the role of journalism in society and its representation in the media. These can be used as part of contemporary journalism education in higher education, an example of which is given in the article.
Number of views: 24 Download in PDF
The Role of Media Education in Reducing the Negative Consequences of Digitalization
Media Education (Mediaobrazovanie). 2025. 21(1): 45-53.
Number of views: 21 Download in PDF
6. Azizah Azzahra Junaeda, Frans Sayogie, Ghea Regita Budiantari, Ukhti Nur IftaniMedia Education (Mediaobrazovanie). 2025. 21(1): 45-53.
Abstract:
Digitalization of all spheres of public life, including education, changes the practices of consumption, use and production of information. In modern conditions, the consequences of digitalization have both positive and negative tonality. Along with the availability of information, one can state the risks of information overload, data falsification, and a decrease in media culture. The aim of the research work was to study the impact of digitalization of education on students’ practices of using and consuming information, perception of the value of knowledge and academic education, as well as traditional forms of education. The results of the study showed a deformation of value norms characterizing the attitude towards academic traditions in education. Excess information on the Internet devalues the value of knowledge obtained in the learning process. Students consider lectures to be an outdated practice; most of them would like to change the form of knowledge acquisition, moving from lectures in the classroom to "listening to videos". An illustration of the insufficient level of media competence of a student, the deformation of his media culture is the lack of understanding of clear differences between fragmentary information from the Internet and systemic knowledge obtained during training. The study revealed a low level of students' motivation to work with educational digital materials presented in the educational environment of the university. It is concluded that the key tasks of media education in modern conditions should include those that have a positive impact on reducing the negative consequences of digitalization. In the course of the study, they are systematized as follows: the formation of a healthy approach and conscious attitude to information in young people, the formation of skills for assessing the reliability of information content, the development of a subjective position in students when accessing digital services. It has been established that media education, with the increasing pace of digitalization, should take on the tasks of forming digital ethics among participants in the educational process, become the foundation for maintaining cultural norms and educational values of working with information, broadcasting the importance of academic traditions in the course of obtaining knowledge.
Digitalization of all spheres of public life, including education, changes the practices of consumption, use and production of information. In modern conditions, the consequences of digitalization have both positive and negative tonality. Along with the availability of information, one can state the risks of information overload, data falsification, and a decrease in media culture. The aim of the research work was to study the impact of digitalization of education on students’ practices of using and consuming information, perception of the value of knowledge and academic education, as well as traditional forms of education. The results of the study showed a deformation of value norms characterizing the attitude towards academic traditions in education. Excess information on the Internet devalues the value of knowledge obtained in the learning process. Students consider lectures to be an outdated practice; most of them would like to change the form of knowledge acquisition, moving from lectures in the classroom to "listening to videos". An illustration of the insufficient level of media competence of a student, the deformation of his media culture is the lack of understanding of clear differences between fragmentary information from the Internet and systemic knowledge obtained during training. The study revealed a low level of students' motivation to work with educational digital materials presented in the educational environment of the university. It is concluded that the key tasks of media education in modern conditions should include those that have a positive impact on reducing the negative consequences of digitalization. In the course of the study, they are systematized as follows: the formation of a healthy approach and conscious attitude to information in young people, the formation of skills for assessing the reliability of information content, the development of a subjective position in students when accessing digital services. It has been established that media education, with the increasing pace of digitalization, should take on the tasks of forming digital ethics among participants in the educational process, become the foundation for maintaining cultural norms and educational values of working with information, broadcasting the importance of academic traditions in the course of obtaining knowledge.
Number of views: 21 Download in PDF
Intercultural Communication Conflict Between British and Americans in TikTok Memes
Media Education (Mediaobrazovanie). 2025. 21(1): 54-60.
Number of views: 17 Download in PDF
7. Ella Kulikova, Victor BarabashMedia Education (Mediaobrazovanie). 2025. 21(1): 54-60.
Abstract:
This study was conducted to help provide an understanding of intercultural communication as a social interaction in the form of communication between individuals with different cultural backgrounds. This study connected conflict in intercultural communication. It is considered a problem that arises due to ineffective communication and social interaction among individuals due to differences in cultural backgrounds. This research uses visual methodology to identify the concept of Intercultural Communication Conflict Between British and American in five TikTok Memes. Based on the research findings, intercultural communication conflicts are portrayed in video memes as a difficulty or confusion in communication between Americans and British due to a number of different circumstances. A lack of intercultural knowledge among speakers, disparities in terminology and dialects, and variances in the purpose of the conversation are all examples of these problems. The occurrence of intercultural communication conflict in several situations can be caused by one side's lack of cultural awareness, the existence of different goals in communication between each other, the perception of one party who feels that they are superior to the other, as well as a lack of tolerance in the cultures of different countries, and lack of knowledge about culture when visiting other countries.
This study was conducted to help provide an understanding of intercultural communication as a social interaction in the form of communication between individuals with different cultural backgrounds. This study connected conflict in intercultural communication. It is considered a problem that arises due to ineffective communication and social interaction among individuals due to differences in cultural backgrounds. This research uses visual methodology to identify the concept of Intercultural Communication Conflict Between British and American in five TikTok Memes. Based on the research findings, intercultural communication conflicts are portrayed in video memes as a difficulty or confusion in communication between Americans and British due to a number of different circumstances. A lack of intercultural knowledge among speakers, disparities in terminology and dialects, and variances in the purpose of the conversation are all examples of these problems. The occurrence of intercultural communication conflict in several situations can be caused by one side's lack of cultural awareness, the existence of different goals in communication between each other, the perception of one party who feels that they are superior to the other, as well as a lack of tolerance in the cultures of different countries, and lack of knowledge about culture when visiting other countries.
Number of views: 17 Download in PDF
The Media Text vs Media Context: Semantics of Tropes
Media Education (Mediaobrazovanie). 2025. 21(1): 61-67.
Number of views: 17 Download in PDF
8. Galina MikhalevaMedia Education (Mediaobrazovanie). 2025. 21(1): 61-67.
Abstract:
The article is devoted to the study of the semantics of tropes used in modern media discourse, taking into consideration their elocutionary and illocutionary features. Traditional forms of social interaction have moved into the information space, where all the types of conflicts manifest themselves. These are the conflict of ideological and value attitudes, the conflict of moral values of the information society, etc. The addressee/author of the media text uses all possible stylistic means of representation to enhance the appeal. Tropes and toposes are used to express, among other things, the conflicting intention of the addressee/author of the media text, which is the purpose of the study of this article. The article scientific novelty is to extrapolate the study of tropes and toposes in the implementation of conflict intentions for the development of media literacy, identification conflict text and conflict context marks were analyzed. The study is based on traditional media linguistic methods linguistics as well as methods of content analysis and intent analysis, which can be considered to be effective in the field of media rhetoric and media stylistics. The empirical material is current media texts presented in different traditional and Internetmediated forms. Media literacy education is essential for a wide readership and should be a part of school education. Teaching such subjects is very important for potential addressees/collective addressees of a media discourse/text. These disciplines should be based on the classical and modern texts. It will ensure developing not only language sense and preventing and avoiding conflicts, but it will ensure developing media literacy. Media education is extremely useful for those who write in their blogs as well as in social networks.
The article is devoted to the study of the semantics of tropes used in modern media discourse, taking into consideration their elocutionary and illocutionary features. Traditional forms of social interaction have moved into the information space, where all the types of conflicts manifest themselves. These are the conflict of ideological and value attitudes, the conflict of moral values of the information society, etc. The addressee/author of the media text uses all possible stylistic means of representation to enhance the appeal. Tropes and toposes are used to express, among other things, the conflicting intention of the addressee/author of the media text, which is the purpose of the study of this article. The article scientific novelty is to extrapolate the study of tropes and toposes in the implementation of conflict intentions for the development of media literacy, identification conflict text and conflict context marks were analyzed. The study is based on traditional media linguistic methods linguistics as well as methods of content analysis and intent analysis, which can be considered to be effective in the field of media rhetoric and media stylistics. The empirical material is current media texts presented in different traditional and Internetmediated forms. Media literacy education is essential for a wide readership and should be a part of school education. Teaching such subjects is very important for potential addressees/collective addressees of a media discourse/text. These disciplines should be based on the classical and modern texts. It will ensure developing not only language sense and preventing and avoiding conflicts, but it will ensure developing media literacy. Media education is extremely useful for those who write in their blogs as well as in social networks.
Number of views: 17 Download in PDF
The Image of Family and Family Education in Soviet Feature Films during the Perestroika Era
Media Education (Mediaobrazovanie). 2025. 21(1): 68-77.
Number of views: 19 Download in PDF
9. Olga Pechinkina, Tatiana VeprevaMedia Education (Mediaobrazovanie). 2025. 21(1): 68-77.
Abstract:
The article focuses on the portrayal of family and family education in Soviet feature films during the Perestroika era (the mid-1980s – the early 1990s) which reflected broader societal shifts occurring in the Soviet Union. The Perestroika era marked a period of profound transformation for Soviet cinema too. The way family and education were depicted in feature films during that time offers deep insights into the complexities of Soviet life during a period of political, ideological and cultural transformations. Filmmakers used cinema as a tool for criticising the flaws of the Soviet system, highlighting such issues as bureaucracy, corruption, and economic inefficiency. As the country was moving towards greater openness and reforms, film industry became a space for questioning and exploring the intricacies of family life, generational conflict, and the role of family education. Family was a recurring theme, frequently used as a microcosm for socio-cultural changes but the focus shifted from idealized portrayals of collective Soviet society to more nuanced, individual-cantered storylines that emphasized personal freedom, rebellion, and the search for identity. The generation gap also drastically aggravated: with increased freedom of expression, feature films depicted the tension between the older generation and the younger generation. Also, Perestroika-era feature films explored such themes as emotional alienation, marital breakdowns, and the pressure of social expectations on individuals. Film characters, particularly children and teenagers, were often depicted as questioning authority, whether that of parents, teachers, or the state itself. On the other hand, this theme emphasized the idea that, in times of political or economic turmoil, a supportive family could be the key to personal and collective survival.
The article focuses on the portrayal of family and family education in Soviet feature films during the Perestroika era (the mid-1980s – the early 1990s) which reflected broader societal shifts occurring in the Soviet Union. The Perestroika era marked a period of profound transformation for Soviet cinema too. The way family and education were depicted in feature films during that time offers deep insights into the complexities of Soviet life during a period of political, ideological and cultural transformations. Filmmakers used cinema as a tool for criticising the flaws of the Soviet system, highlighting such issues as bureaucracy, corruption, and economic inefficiency. As the country was moving towards greater openness and reforms, film industry became a space for questioning and exploring the intricacies of family life, generational conflict, and the role of family education. Family was a recurring theme, frequently used as a microcosm for socio-cultural changes but the focus shifted from idealized portrayals of collective Soviet society to more nuanced, individual-cantered storylines that emphasized personal freedom, rebellion, and the search for identity. The generation gap also drastically aggravated: with increased freedom of expression, feature films depicted the tension between the older generation and the younger generation. Also, Perestroika-era feature films explored such themes as emotional alienation, marital breakdowns, and the pressure of social expectations on individuals. Film characters, particularly children and teenagers, were often depicted as questioning authority, whether that of parents, teachers, or the state itself. On the other hand, this theme emphasized the idea that, in times of political or economic turmoil, a supportive family could be the key to personal and collective survival.
Number of views: 19 Download in PDF
The Role of Artificial Intelligence in Fostering Information and Media Literacies at the University (Case Study of English Classes)
Media Education (Mediaobrazovanie). 2025. 21(1): 78-90.
Number of views: 23 Download in PDF
10. Olga Petrova, Irina Belyakova, Nikolay ShishkinMedia Education (Mediaobrazovanie). 2025. 21(1): 78-90.
Abstract:
The phenomenon of Artificial Intelligence (AI) is understudied due to the ongoing and unstoppable process of its development. Consequently, AI literacy will constantly evolve and to be AI literate individuals will have to master not only basic but some new competences. The aim of this paper is to systematize available knowledge of AI to enhance information and media literacies in education with the help of AI concentrating on a few prompt frameworks actively used in English as a Foreign Language (EFL) classes. To achieve this, the authors analysed recent research in this domain, experimented with three prompt frameworks (namely, RACEF, RISEN, and Co- STAR), found out the advantages and disadvantages of AI and denoted prompt frameworks, and summarized the best practices for using them in the classroom. The authors came to the conclusion that AI literacy is embedded in information and media literacies, all these literacies are united by possessing critical thinking skills, and, if taught together, make the learning process beneficial for students and teachers. As for the further perspective of the research, other prompt frameworks can be tested for a range of requests in different settings.
The phenomenon of Artificial Intelligence (AI) is understudied due to the ongoing and unstoppable process of its development. Consequently, AI literacy will constantly evolve and to be AI literate individuals will have to master not only basic but some new competences. The aim of this paper is to systematize available knowledge of AI to enhance information and media literacies in education with the help of AI concentrating on a few prompt frameworks actively used in English as a Foreign Language (EFL) classes. To achieve this, the authors analysed recent research in this domain, experimented with three prompt frameworks (namely, RACEF, RISEN, and Co- STAR), found out the advantages and disadvantages of AI and denoted prompt frameworks, and summarized the best practices for using them in the classroom. The authors came to the conclusion that AI literacy is embedded in information and media literacies, all these literacies are united by possessing critical thinking skills, and, if taught together, make the learning process beneficial for students and teachers. As for the further perspective of the research, other prompt frameworks can be tested for a range of requests in different settings.
Number of views: 23 Download in PDF
Journalism Students’ Newsgathering Practice: Experimental Testing of Methodologies and Instructional Techniques
Media Education (Mediaobrazovanie). 2025. 21(1): 91-101.
Number of views: 16 Download in PDF
11. Olga V. RogachMedia Education (Mediaobrazovanie). 2025. 21(1): 91-101.
Abstract:
The authors address newsworthiness as a critical concept in media studies and newsgathering skills as a core journalistic competency. The latest research in media studies and information behavior suggests that journalism students have difficulty finding newsworthy topics: their search is aimed either at specific topics drawn from their personal experiences or the global media coverage. They tend to overlook minor issues, daily challenges of the ‘average level’ of importance linked to specific social contexts and regions. The authors designed and successfully tested an educational methodology to enhance journalism students’ newsgathering and writing ability as a basis for the development of their information literacy competencies. The methodology consisted of a number of techniques and writing exercises aimed at ‘landing’ the global agenda on the regional ground and raising awareness of local stories. Two approaches of working with information were tested: “from particular to specific” and “from general to specific”. The method of expanding the range of the search “from particular to general” proved effective. The quality of students’ search for newsworthy events and their ability to analyze such events from the point of view of their global and regional significance have improved.
The authors address newsworthiness as a critical concept in media studies and newsgathering skills as a core journalistic competency. The latest research in media studies and information behavior suggests that journalism students have difficulty finding newsworthy topics: their search is aimed either at specific topics drawn from their personal experiences or the global media coverage. They tend to overlook minor issues, daily challenges of the ‘average level’ of importance linked to specific social contexts and regions. The authors designed and successfully tested an educational methodology to enhance journalism students’ newsgathering and writing ability as a basis for the development of their information literacy competencies. The methodology consisted of a number of techniques and writing exercises aimed at ‘landing’ the global agenda on the regional ground and raising awareness of local stories. Two approaches of working with information were tested: “from particular to specific” and “from general to specific”. The method of expanding the range of the search “from particular to general” proved effective. The quality of students’ search for newsworthy events and their ability to analyze such events from the point of view of their global and regional significance have improved.
Number of views: 16 Download in PDF
Media Competence of a Modern Student: An Analytical Study
Media Education (Mediaobrazovanie). 2025. 21(1): 102-111.
Number of views: 14 Download in PDF
12. Radita Fauziyah Salsabila, Syakara Febina, Fitra Maulidina Kamila, Ida RosidaMedia Education (Mediaobrazovanie). 2025. 21(1): 102-111.
Abstract:
Media competence of young people is one of the basic factors for implementing successful life strategies, effectively using information in professional and personal life, and resisting the processes of public opinion manipulation. In the course of this study, the tasks were set to analyze the skills of working with information in the student environment, determine the dependencies between the level of students' media competence and such variables as the gender of respondents, the status of the university, the profile and level of education. The identified assessments in the target groups of respondents do not have clearly expressed significant differences. Some variational differences (for example, lower assessments of information skills among master's students compared to bachelor's students) can serve as a basis for further research. During the questionnaire survey, it was found that students assess the level of their media competence quite highly for most parameters. An exception is the students' statement about using a narrow range of sources in the process of searching for information, as well as the limited use of information skills during training. The factors that determined these negative trends are the following: dysfunctions of knowledge control, lowered teacher requirements, simplified assignment format, distorted understanding of digital ethics standards.
Media competence of young people is one of the basic factors for implementing successful life strategies, effectively using information in professional and personal life, and resisting the processes of public opinion manipulation. In the course of this study, the tasks were set to analyze the skills of working with information in the student environment, determine the dependencies between the level of students' media competence and such variables as the gender of respondents, the status of the university, the profile and level of education. The identified assessments in the target groups of respondents do not have clearly expressed significant differences. Some variational differences (for example, lower assessments of information skills among master's students compared to bachelor's students) can serve as a basis for further research. During the questionnaire survey, it was found that students assess the level of their media competence quite highly for most parameters. An exception is the students' statement about using a narrow range of sources in the process of searching for information, as well as the limited use of information skills during training. The factors that determined these negative trends are the following: dysfunctions of knowledge control, lowered teacher requirements, simplified assignment format, distorted understanding of digital ethics standards.
Number of views: 14 Download in PDF
Older Women, Younger Men: Romantic Autonomy and Gender Constraint in the Film’s Narratives
Media Education (Mediaobrazovanie). 2025. 21(1): 112-120.
Number of views: 33 Download in PDF
13. Itba Tatheer, Tabina Sirhindi, Farahat AliMedia Education (Mediaobrazovanie). 2025. 21(1): 112-120.
Abstract:
This study examines gender inequalities and societal biases in age-gap relationships, specifically focusing on the film’s narratives entitled The Idea of You directed by Michael Showalter released in 2024. This film portrays an older woman who has a romantic relationship with a younger man. The age gap is sixteen years old difference. This research employs a qualitative approach and works within the theoretical framework of gender and feminist studies focusing on the character interactions, dialogues, and societal reactions toward age-gap relationships. The result shows that the age gap difference does matter when the women in relationships are older than men. They face much more social criticism compared to older men dating younger women, exposing the persistent societal biases that limit women’s romantic autonomy. This research demonstrates how societal expectations continue to impose restrictive norms on women’s autonomy, enforcing judgment and control over their relationship choices. By critically examining the narrative of the film, the study highlights the complexities of gender inequality within romantic relationships. This research contributes in giving better understandings for the viewers how media representations on romantic relationships are influenced by social norms, social expectations, and ideologies. This study is important for media literacy in supporting gender equality.
This study examines gender inequalities and societal biases in age-gap relationships, specifically focusing on the film’s narratives entitled The Idea of You directed by Michael Showalter released in 2024. This film portrays an older woman who has a romantic relationship with a younger man. The age gap is sixteen years old difference. This research employs a qualitative approach and works within the theoretical framework of gender and feminist studies focusing on the character interactions, dialogues, and societal reactions toward age-gap relationships. The result shows that the age gap difference does matter when the women in relationships are older than men. They face much more social criticism compared to older men dating younger women, exposing the persistent societal biases that limit women’s romantic autonomy. This research demonstrates how societal expectations continue to impose restrictive norms on women’s autonomy, enforcing judgment and control over their relationship choices. By critically examining the narrative of the film, the study highlights the complexities of gender inequality within romantic relationships. This research contributes in giving better understandings for the viewers how media representations on romantic relationships are influenced by social norms, social expectations, and ideologies. This study is important for media literacy in supporting gender equality.
Number of views: 33 Download in PDF
Digital Media Literacy in Higher Education: A Curriculum Analysis of Undergraduate Media Programs in Pakistan
Media Education (Mediaobrazovanie). 2025. 21(1): 121-137.
Number of views: 20 Download in PDF
14. Manju Yadav, Piyashi DuttaMedia Education (Mediaobrazovanie). 2025. 21(1): 121-137.
Abstract:
The rapid advancement of digital communication and media technologies has highlighted the critical necessity of incorporating digital media literacy into higher education curricula globally. This study investigates how undergraduate Media and Communication programs in Lahore, Pakistan, address digital media literacy through their curricula. Focusing on three public and three private universities, this research employs a quantitative content analysis to identify gaps and opportunities for equipping students with essential digital competencies. The findings reveal significant disparities between public and private institutions, with private universities allocating a greater proportion of their curricula to digital media literacy than their public counterparts, where progress remains gradual. Despite these efforts, the overall integration of digital media literacy remains below international benchmarks, hindering students' preparedness for the demands of an evolving digital landscape. This study highlights key challenges, including outdated curricula, inadequate faculty training, and limited resources, which inhibit effective digital literacy education in Pakistan. It emphasizes the need for the Higher Education Commission of Pakistan to priorities reform through improved curricular standards, innovative teaching practices, and faculty development. This research provides actionable recommendations that enhance the discussion on aligning higher education curricula with global standards, encouraging critical thinking, ethical content creation, and responsible digital engagement among students.
The rapid advancement of digital communication and media technologies has highlighted the critical necessity of incorporating digital media literacy into higher education curricula globally. This study investigates how undergraduate Media and Communication programs in Lahore, Pakistan, address digital media literacy through their curricula. Focusing on three public and three private universities, this research employs a quantitative content analysis to identify gaps and opportunities for equipping students with essential digital competencies. The findings reveal significant disparities between public and private institutions, with private universities allocating a greater proportion of their curricula to digital media literacy than their public counterparts, where progress remains gradual. Despite these efforts, the overall integration of digital media literacy remains below international benchmarks, hindering students' preparedness for the demands of an evolving digital landscape. This study highlights key challenges, including outdated curricula, inadequate faculty training, and limited resources, which inhibit effective digital literacy education in Pakistan. It emphasizes the need for the Higher Education Commission of Pakistan to priorities reform through improved curricular standards, innovative teaching practices, and faculty development. This research provides actionable recommendations that enhance the discussion on aligning higher education curricula with global standards, encouraging critical thinking, ethical content creation, and responsible digital engagement among students.
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Navigating Online Hostility: Gendered Trolling of Indian Women Journalists, Legal Interventions, and the Role of Media Literacy
Media Education (Mediaobrazovanie). 2025. 21(1): 138-152.
Number of views: 16 Download in PDF
15. Safeena Yaseen, Dina Septiani, Ibtesam MazahirMedia Education (Mediaobrazovanie). 2025. 21(1): 138-152.
Abstract:
Indian women journalists have been vocalizing their encounters with gender trolls on social media and public platforms through interviews, deliberations, and continuous writing, for over a decade. They seek attention to their plight on national and international platforms like the International Federation of Journalists (IFJ), the Committee to Protect Journalists (CPJ), and the Editors Guild of India (EGI). While numerous media reports have documented the severe trolling faced by women journalists, these instances, despite gaining traction in public discourse, often go unreported and rarely result in legal action. This qualitative study seeks to provide a comprehensive analysis of the perspectives of women journalists on the effectiveness of legal recourse as a potential remedy for trolling, as well as the role of media literacy training in enhancing their legal awareness and empowerment. Insights derived from interviews suggest that three key factors contribute to the underreporting of online harassment: (1) legal knowledge deficit, (2) inadequate emphasis on media literacy training, and 3) the dismissive stance of law enforcement agencies and organisations. Moreover, the anticipation of enduring physical, emotional, and financial distress serves as a deterrent. The study contends that the normalization of trolling within the realm of professional online discourse compels women journalists to downplay its impact, leading them to prefer non-legal strategies over formal legal interventions. It recommends the integration of legal education into media literacy training at the organizational, governmental, and educational levels to challenge the normalization of online incivility and foster greater confidence in the legal system as an effective mechanism to combat online harassment.
Indian women journalists have been vocalizing their encounters with gender trolls on social media and public platforms through interviews, deliberations, and continuous writing, for over a decade. They seek attention to their plight on national and international platforms like the International Federation of Journalists (IFJ), the Committee to Protect Journalists (CPJ), and the Editors Guild of India (EGI). While numerous media reports have documented the severe trolling faced by women journalists, these instances, despite gaining traction in public discourse, often go unreported and rarely result in legal action. This qualitative study seeks to provide a comprehensive analysis of the perspectives of women journalists on the effectiveness of legal recourse as a potential remedy for trolling, as well as the role of media literacy training in enhancing their legal awareness and empowerment. Insights derived from interviews suggest that three key factors contribute to the underreporting of online harassment: (1) legal knowledge deficit, (2) inadequate emphasis on media literacy training, and 3) the dismissive stance of law enforcement agencies and organisations. Moreover, the anticipation of enduring physical, emotional, and financial distress serves as a deterrent. The study contends that the normalization of trolling within the realm of professional online discourse compels women journalists to downplay its impact, leading them to prefer non-legal strategies over formal legal interventions. It recommends the integration of legal education into media literacy training at the organizational, governmental, and educational levels to challenge the normalization of online incivility and foster greater confidence in the legal system as an effective mechanism to combat online harassment.
Number of views: 16 Download in PDF
Integrated Framework of Attitude Formation and Attitude Change Theories: Contextualizing Educational Advertising and Media Literacy in Controversial Product Campaigns in South Asia
Media Education (Mediaobrazovanie). 2025. 21(1): 153-167.
Number of views: 20 Download in PDF
16. Media Education (Mediaobrazovanie). 2025. 21(1): 153-167.
Abstract:
This study analyzes attitude theories within the context of controversial product advertisements in the South Asian region, with a focus on their educational, cultural, and media literacy implications. Attitude theories are broadly classified into two competing streams: attitude formation theories, which propose that attitudes are learned predispositions developed through information or direct experience, and attitude change theories, which suggest that attitudes can be altered in response to persuasive messages. Theoretical frameworks, including the Theory of Reasoned Action, Theory of Planned Behavior, Uses & Gratification Theory, Psychological Reactance Theory, and Elaboration Likelihood Model, are examined to understand their contributions to these perspectives. This study highlights the mechanisms through which attitudes are formed and changed, emphasizing the role of cultural insights, persuasive communication, media literacy, and consumer education in influencing perceptions. By bridging the gap between attitude formation and change theories, the paper offers a comprehensive understanding of how advertising influences consumer attitudes. The findings hold significant implications for marketers aiming to design advertising strategies that incorporate educational components and promote media literacy to help audiences critically engage with advertising content, fostering awareness and acceptance while respecting cultural sensitivities.
This study analyzes attitude theories within the context of controversial product advertisements in the South Asian region, with a focus on their educational, cultural, and media literacy implications. Attitude theories are broadly classified into two competing streams: attitude formation theories, which propose that attitudes are learned predispositions developed through information or direct experience, and attitude change theories, which suggest that attitudes can be altered in response to persuasive messages. Theoretical frameworks, including the Theory of Reasoned Action, Theory of Planned Behavior, Uses & Gratification Theory, Psychological Reactance Theory, and Elaboration Likelihood Model, are examined to understand their contributions to these perspectives. This study highlights the mechanisms through which attitudes are formed and changed, emphasizing the role of cultural insights, persuasive communication, media literacy, and consumer education in influencing perceptions. By bridging the gap between attitude formation and change theories, the paper offers a comprehensive understanding of how advertising influences consumer attitudes. The findings hold significant implications for marketers aiming to design advertising strategies that incorporate educational components and promote media literacy to help audiences critically engage with advertising content, fostering awareness and acceptance while respecting cultural sensitivities.
Number of views: 20 Download in PDF